Calculus of variations establishes a framework to determine the extrema of functionals—mappings from functions to real numbers—which has been pivotal in elucidating natural principles such as the ...

We mentioned before about the \(+ c\) term. We are now going to look at how to find the value of \(c\) when additional information is given in the question.

One of the landmarks of Kyoto, the home of Japanese mathematician Masaki Kashiwara, is the Kamo River. At certain points, there are stepping stones that allow residents to cross the river away from ...

The information presented here is intended to describe the course goals for current and prospective students as well as others who are interested in our courses. It is not intended to replace the ...

Nature Research Intelligence Topics Topic summaries Mathematical Sciences Applied Mathematics Calculus of Variations, Mathematical Aspects of Systems Theory and Control Theory Calculus of variations ...