Drawing instruments have been essential to mathematics, architecture, surveying, navigation, engineering design, and other technical endeavors from antiquity through the 20th century, although ...

IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. Richard G. Smith (about 1891–1936) ...

Instruments like these were used by skilled draughtsmen (and women) in many drawing offices to produce engineering drawings for structures, such as bridges and building frames, at a time when computer ...

IN his preface the author states that we nowadays expect to find somewhere in print an account of the little mysteries of any particular art, and that partly with the hope of enabling this expectation ...

Use diagrams to show how scientific apparatus is set up. Scientists must be able to read measuring instruments properly. Common practical techniques that use apparatus include filtration, evaporation ...

Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at www ...