Language isn’t always necessary. While it certainly helps in getting across certain ideas, some neuroscientists have argued that many forms of human thought and reasoning don’t require the medium of ...

You don’t typically build a machine without understanding how it works. But for artificial intelligence researchers building large language models, understanding is about the one thing they haven’t ...

There’s a paradox at the heart of modern AI: The kinds of sophisticated models that companies are using to get real work done and reduce head count aren’t the ones getting all the attention. Ever-more ...

What the firm found challenges some basic assumptions about how this technology really works. The AI firm Anthropic has developed a way to peer inside a large language model and watch what it does as ...

What if you could demystify one of the most fantastic technologies of our time—large language models (LLMs)—and build your own from scratch? It might sound like an impossible feat, reserved for elite ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Large language models work well because they’re so large. The latest models from OpenAI, Meta, and DeepSeek use hundreds of billions of ...