An approach where the dependent variables are measured before and after an intervention has been delivered. The intervention can either be delivered by the investigator or by others (observational ...

The pharmaceutical industry is facing growing pressure to make drug development more patient-focused. Traditionally, most observational research has been derived from clinical and payer data, but has ...

Medical research is essential for advancing the understanding of health, diseases, and treatments. There are many types of studies that serve different purposes. Medical research, or health research, ...

Background: Evidence suggests that the course of low back pain (LBP) symptoms in randomised clinical trials (RCTs) follows a pattern of large improvement regardless of the type of treatment. A similar ...

Public health interventions comprise a vast range of approaches, from the relatively simple through to complex national policy interventions. As a consequence, research questions about the ...