Most of the time we learn gradually, building connections between actions or events and outcomes. But sometimes something happens and we immediately jump to conclusions by quickly associating a cause ...

Passport checks at airports and border gates present a special challenge: How do you tell if the person standing in front of you is the same person whose picture is in the passport? Border and customs ...

"Like a light switch, one-shot learning is either on, or it's off," says Shimojo. In the behavioral study, 47 participants completed a simple causal-inference task; 20 of those participants completed ...