Humans are the champions of reciprocity. Experiments and everyday experience alike show that what Adam Smith called ‘our instinct to trade, barter and truck’ relies to a considerable extent on the ...

To show that indirect reciprocity can stabilize collective action without the second-order free rider problem, we consider a large population subdivided into randomly formed social groups of size n.

For years and still today, reciprocity has continued to help human beings survive in many ways, and especially in marketing, where it is used as a marketing strategy. This principle talks about the ...